This is going to be a comprehensive detailed explanation.(7 Easy Study Lessons.)

So make the coffee and here goes lesson 1.

Lesson 1.

NOUNS

(a)Common.Common nouns are words name an object you can see and touch.

i.e. computer,football,book,and bicyle.

(b)Proper.Proper nouns are names that name a particular place.person or object.

i.e.New York,Kate,Eiffel Tower,Manchester United.

REMEMBER Proper nouns always start with a capital letter.

(c)Collective. Collective nouns are words that name a group or collection of people,animals,objects or places.

i.e.crowd,flock,bunch.

(d)Abstract Abstract nouns are words that name emotions,thoughts,or ideas.

i.e. love,peace,anger,justice.

ADJECTIVES,VERBS.ADVERBS.

ADJECTIVES.

Adjectives are words used to describe nouns- they tell you more about someone or something.
i.e. The squrrel had a large ,bushy tail.
i.e.The clown had a red nose.
i.e.The sky was full of fluffy,white clouds.

REMEMBER.Adjectives may make your sentence more interesting.

VERBS.

Verbs are doing or being words-they tell us what someone or something is doing or being.
i.e.Abigail rides her bike.
i.e.Hannah plays on her rollerblades.
i.e.The DJ is in the house.

REMEMBER.There is a verb in every sentence.No verb,no sentence.


ADVERBS.

Adverbs are describing words-they tell you how is a verb done.
i.e.He ran quickly.
i.e The dog barked loudly.
i.e.She sang beautifully.
i.e.The owl slowly turned its head.


PRONOUNS,PREPOSITIONS,CONNECTIVES and PRONOUNS.

PRONOUNS.

Pronouns are words to avoid repeating the same noun.
Common Pronouns are I,He,She,Me,His,Her,You and It.
i.e.John picked up the frisbee and threw the frisbee to Neil,John's son.
Becomes:-
John picked up the frisbee and threw it to Neil his son.

PREPOSITIONS

Prepositions are words that tell you where,or when things happen.They are words like under,in front of,behind,after,until.
i.e.The cow jumped over the moon.
i.e.The dog escaped under the fence.
i.e.They kissed behind the bike shed.

CONNECTIVES

Connectives are words that join other words or sentences together.They are like,and,but,as,because,since,unless,when,although.

i.e.Brad headed back to shore because he thought he saw something.

i.e.Susan paid the clamping fine but she wasn't happy.

Lesson 2.

CAPITAL LETTERS. and when to use them.

The beginning of a sententence.

i.e.A long time ago in a galaxy,far away.....

Names.

i.e.Christopher.

Countries.

i.e.I live in England.

Headings.

i.e.Recipe

Apple pie.

Blackberry pie.

Days of the week.

i.e.I don't like Mondays.

The beginning of direct speech."Stop that man!"

Towns,Cities e.g. London.Manchester,Blackburn.

Organisations e.g.RSPCA,SITA,LCC,

Titles.e.g.Sir Winston Churchill.

Companies.BBC,ITV,BP,BT. etc.

Languagues e.g. I speak Italian. also Nationalties e.g.I am Mexican

Film titles e.g.Jaws,Summer Holiday,Sound of Music etc.

Book titles.e.g Fly Fishing.Bible.

Monthes of the year.e.g.September.I don't like April showers.

Places.Stonehenge,Buckingham Palace ,House of Lords. etc.

Lesson 3.

SUFFIXES.

A Suffix is added to the end of a word to change its meaning or the way it is used.

REMEMBER. word+suffix= new word

Comfort+able=comfortable

danger+ous=dangerous

strength+en=strengthen

tear+ful=tearful

music+al=musical

paint+ing=painting

common suffixes include able,idle,ary,ery,ly,ous,ment,al,ence,ance,ed,ion.ing,ure.

Lesson 4.

IMAGINARY,SIMILE,METAPHORE,PERSONIFACATION.

METAPHORE.
Metaphore tells you one thing is something else.
It is not meant literally.
It is just a way of creating a vivid picture in your mind.
Like (a)The cold breeze was like a slap in the face.
Like(b)She stared with eyes of stone.,

PERSONIFACTION.

Personifacation describes a thing or object as it is a person, or having human qualities.

Like (a) The Wind Whistled through the sails.

Like(b)The Sun Threads a path through the wood.

IMAGINERY.

Imaginery is writing that forms an image or picture in your mind.

SIMILE.

A Simile tells you one thing is like another,it compares two different objects using the word like or as.

(a)His hair was as black as coal.
(b)His teeth are white and shiny like fresh snow in the sunshine.


WORD SOUNDS.

ALTERATION,ASSONANCE,ONOMATOPOEIA.


ALTERATION.
Alteration is where several words in a phrase,or line of poetry,begin with the same sound.
i.e.Steve seldom smiled on a Sunday.
i.e.The tall teacher towered over the tiny teenager.
Alteration is used a lot in poetry and also in advertising to help emphasis the product.

ASSONANCE.
Assonance is where several words in a sentence,or poem,have the same vowel sound repeated.
i.e.The tinsel twinkled on the Christmas tree.
i.e.The thin whine of wires,in the wind.

ONOMATOPOEIA.

Onomatopoeia describes a word that sounds like the action.

i.e.Cars crash.
i.e. Snakes hiss.
i.e.Rain splish,splosh,splash in a puddle.
i.e The drummer bangs or drums the drum.

Lesson 5.

this is short and sweet for coffee time again.

MISSING LETTERS.

The Apostrophe can also be used to indicate letters have been missed out.
(a)I'm too short.
I am too short.
(b)I can't reach.
I cannot reach.
(c)You'll have to help me.
You will have to help me.
(d)You've taken the wrong road.
You have taken the wrong road.
(e)We're lost.
We are lost.
(f)Where's the map.
Where is the map.

REMEMBER:- You shoudn't use Apostrophe anywhere else.
Coffee time over now.

Lesson 6

THE APOSTROPHE.
Ownership in speech.
We add an "s" to show "possession" or "ownership"

(a)The cat's tail is black.
(b)The cats' tail are black.
(c)The man's hat is yellow.
(d)The men's hats are yellow.

In written English,we also add an apostrophe.

-----------------------------------------------------
Usually if the word already ends in "s" you don't need to add another one.
The apostrophe (to show ownership) is used only with NOUNS.

Time for a two hour break now.

Lesson 7.


RULES FOR PLURALS.

Spelling plurals can be tricky.Just as soon as you think that you have learnt a rule.
You find out that some words break it.
Even so it is useful to know what the rules of plurals of name are.

Rule 1.
The most common way to make a noun plural is to add a "s"
i.e. ant-ants
i.e.dog-dogs
i.e.pen-pens

Rule 2.
Nouns ending in "s","x","z","ch","sh", then add es.
"s" bus buses.
"x"fox foxes.
"z"waltz-waltzes.
"s"dish-dishes.
"ch"lunch-lunches.

Rule 3.
Nouns ending in "y" change the "y" to "i" and then add "es"
i.e.fly-flies.
i.e.baby-babies
BUT
If there is a vowel before the "y" then just add "s"
i.e.boy-boys
i.e.donkey-donkeys

Rule 4.
Nouns ending in "f" or "fe" change "f" to "v" and add es in the rural.
"f" wolf-wolves
"fe"knife-knives

Rulebreaker.
Some nouns ending in "f"just add "s"
belief-beliefs
chef-chefs
Some nouns ending in "f" can either just add "s" or change "f" to "ves".
dwarf-dwarfs-dwarves
scarf-scarfs-scarves.

Rule 5.
Nouns ending in "o".Some add "s"
piano-pianos.
radio-radios.
Some add "es"
hero-heroes.
tomato-tomatoes.
BUT Some nouns ending in "o" can add "s" or "es"
banjo-banjos-banjoes.
mango-mangos-mangoes.

Rule 6.
Most compound nouns add "s" to the second word.
i.e.lay-by to lay-bys
BUT
A few compound nouns add "s"to the first word.
i.e.brother-in-law to brothers-in-law

Rule 7.
Some nouns are always plural.
i.e. people,police,shorts and trousers.

Rule 8.
 Some nouns are the same in the Singular and Plural.
i.e.deer,sheep and trout.

Rule 9.
Some old English words follow their own rules and have little rhyme or reason:-
i.e.child-children
i.e.man-men
i.e.mouse-mice
RULEBREAKER
Some old English words have two plurals which have different uses.
e.g.
brother-brothers or brethren

Rule 10.
Words borrowed from other languages often form their plurals according to the rules of their own languages:-
French-gateau-gateaux
Greek -criterion-criteria
Latin- crisis-crises
RULEBREAKER
Some words from other languages have two different plurals.
cactus-cacti-cactuses
formula-formulae-formulas


Its been a pleasure doing this guide.
It will help people who failed to understand many years ago.
Also helping the present scool children.
PLUS anybody else.
Its somewhat lengthy,but a good idea would be to print this off and possibly laminate the sheets,file then in a small folder.PRINT AS MANY AS YOU WISH.
BTW Is It Worth A Vote,Yes positive at that as well.
From Me To You,Thanks For Looking,Freddie